Panjab

(Punjab सून पुनर्निर्देशित)
 
Romi
   

Ponzab bhartache ut'torek axil'lem ek rajy. Kxetrofoll 50,362 chovo. Kimi. Vistar 29°32’ ut'tor te 32°35’ ut'tor. Okxanx ani rekhanx 73°55’ udent. Loksonkhea 2,01,90,795 (1991). Hache ostontek pakistan, toxench utrek zom'mu ani koxmir rajy, ixanyek ani udentek himachol prodex, dokxinnek ani agneyek horeana, noirrityek rajsthan him rajeam asat. Mogol sot'techea survechea tempar sindhu ani sotloz hea don nhomyanche mojgotim axil'lo prodex ponzab hea namvan vollkhotale. Uprant mogol badxahamni hea vhodd oxa ponzab rajyokarobharachi dekhrekh veusthit zauchi mhonnun hache don vantte kele. 1947 to dexachi fallnni zali ten'na ponzaboche udent ponzab ani ostont ponzab oxem don vantte zaun, udent ponzabache bhartant aspavo zalo ani ostont ponzab pakistan zoddlo.

Top to bottom: Harmandir Sahib, Qila Mubarak, Gandhi Bhavan, Wagah Border, Jallianwala Bagh Memorial
Location of Punjab in India
Bhangra Dance punjab
Located in Amritsar, Harmandir Sahib is the holiest shrine of Sikhism.

Bhumyvrnnon

bhumyrochonnukeche nodren hea rajeache tin vantte zaleat. Porvotancho vatthar, fatri dongul'leancho vatthar ani utholl mollacho vatthar. Udent-ostont oxo lhan vhodd himaloyacheo porvotaulli rajeache ut'torek patll'lloyat. Ostont ximeche ut'torek ravi ani noirrityek sotloz nhoim asa. Rajeache ixanyek axil'lea unchauylea prodexachi unchai su. 365 mi. Saun 610 mi. Meren vaddot gelea. Hea unch prodexache noirrityek ani ostontek don nhomyam mojgoti axil'lo prodex ‘boddi doab’ mhollear don nhomyam'modolo vatthar. Hache agneyek ‘bist’ ho bias ani sotloz hanchezogoti axil'le doab. Nhomyandeganchea vattharank ‘bet’ mhonnttat. Sotloz, jhelom', ravi, chenab ani bias heo hangacheo mhotvacheo nhomyo. Hea panch nhomyauylean hea rajeak ponzab mhonnje panch nhomyam'modolo vatthar hem namv mell'llam. Hovaman

ponzabantole hovaman sukem asta. Hangacho ximyallo ani gim' khub koddok astat. Omritosorachem vorsuki sorasori tapman 23.1° se. Asta. Gimant te 34.5° se. Ani xialleant 11.8° se. Asta.Gimat donparochem tapman 41° se. Itlem choddtta. Zanevarit tem 11.8° se te 14.2° se. Meren deuta. Bongalachea upsagorant saun yeupi monsun vareak lagun ponzabant paus chodd poddtta. Vingodd vingodd vattharamni paus 5 te 35 inch itlo poddtta. Vonspot ani monzat

ponzabant ranam sapp patoll asun hea rajeachi fokot 4.2% bhum-i ranankhala asa. Gurdasopur, hoxiaropur ani rupar heach jilheani 60% poros chodd vonspot asa. 40 sem'mi. Poros chodd paus poddpi vattharamni panzhoddi rukh toxinch vattharant zal, zund ani kopor he rukh asat. Hanga monzatinchem-i promann sapp unnem asa. Ranmazoram ani chukun vasvelam dixtti poddttat. Kole, randukor, hornnam, sonxe hi monzat kaim promannant melltta. Itihas

rigvedat ponzabacho ul'lekh soptosindhu oso kela. Sindh ani ponzab mellun ho prodex zal'lo. Soptosindhu mhollear sat nhomyancho vatthar. Ponzabantleo jhelom', chinab, bias, ravi ani sotloz hea panch nhomyam'modi sindhu ani sorsvoti heo nhomyo mell'lleo mhonnttokuch hea namvanchem sarthok zata. Hindu ho mullcho xobd sindhuvyleanuch aila oxem mhonnttalem. Mukhar bharti-i zonten hench namv apnnailem.

Ary lok hanga pauche poilim ponzab samskritik nodren girest axil'lo. Hoddppa ani tokxoxila hi hea vattharantoli don prachin xaram axil'lim. Tanchi somskriti hi nagor somskriti axil'li. Tankam nogrorochonnukechem borem ginean axil'lem. Te lok vepari axil'le ani tanchem irak ani irann dexankodden vepari sombond axil'le. Tanche he somskritayek sindhusomskriti oxem mhonnttat. Aryolok bhartant aile uprant tamnni thollavea drovidd lokancho porbhavo korun tanchi nogor somskritich ibaddun uddoil'li. Hea thollavea drovidd lokank haroun tankam ary lokamni aple gulam' korun ghet'tt tole. Te tea gulamank ‘dasu’ va ‘dosyu’ oxem mhonnttale. Mukhar hea donuy lokam'modi bhorsonn zaun voidik somskriticho prosar zalo. Sorsvoti nhomyesaun sindhu merenocho prodex areachea xekatolla ailo. Onu, puru, yodu, ohyu ani turvox he areache panch pongodd (ponchzon) hea prodexancher sot'ta choloitale. Ponzabantolem kurukxetr hem kourou-panddvanche zhuzamoll axil'lem.

Aelekzhanddoran bhartacher ghuri ghalche poilim kitleaxach porkea razamni bhartacher ghureo ghal'lo. I. So. Poilim 326 to aelekzhanddor ponzabant ailo ani ambhi rajeachea adaran sindhukantthauylea puru razacher ghuri ghalun taka haroilo. Punn puruchea mornnauporant kaim vorsamni mouryosmrattamni grisinkoddlean sot'ta hatasoli. Somratt oxokachea tepar i. So. Poilim 273-232 hea kallant moureachea rajeant ponzabacho aspavo axil'lo.[2]

bekttriecho raza milind hannem sonpoili dusrea xenkddoyat ponzabacher zoit melloun tokxoxila hi apli rajdhani keli. Mukhar xung, xok, kuxann, hunn hea porki ghoranneamni gozal mhollear ponzabacher kaim tep aplo xek gazoilo. Hea kallantoli mhotvachi gozal mhollear hea soglloya vonxanchea somskritayanchi bhorsonn zaun ek novich somskritai hea tepar nirmann zali.

I. So. Chea 10 vea xenkddoya saun ponzabacher muslomani ghureo yeupak survat zali i. So. 980t gojhnichea sobuktigin hannem ponzabancher ghuri ghali. Ddo. Pu. Go. Sohstrobudhde hachea motan he ghurye uprant ponzab hindu razanchea hatantlean sasnnachem gelem. 1351t tisro furuzhoxah tughlok gadyer yet saun adhunik ponzabachea itihasak survat zali. I. So. 1398t tartar dexacheo toimur porot gele uprant soiyod ani lodi hea ghoranneamni dil'lisoit ponzabacher rajy kelem. I. So. Chea 16 vea xenkddoyache survek lodi ghoranneache razouttit rajki-i nodren ponzabache don vantte zale. Ek multanakoddocho prodex ani dusro lahorakoddocho prodex. Somajik nodren ek hindu ponzab ani dusro muslomani ponzab. Tea vellar hangacho musloman somaz ho rajyokrteancho somaz axil'lo. 1526t poilea panipotachea zhuzant babor hannem ibrahimacher har ghali.

Lodi ani babor hachem modim apapole sot'techi sthapnnuk korchi mhonnun sort lagil'li astona guru nanok hannem hanga xikh dhormachi sthopnnuk keli. Soteache ani mogache sondex tannem dile. Murtipujecho tannem nixedh kelo. Hindu ani musloman dhormatleo uchch dekhi apnnalea xikh dhormat ekttham-i haddleo. Guru nanka uprant hanga nnou xikh guru zaun gele. Guru ramdas hannem 1577t omritosorak bhagomrachem devull bandlem. Guru orzun hannem nanok ani her guruchi vochnam ekttham-i korun gronthsahib ho svotontr gronth rochlo.

Somratt okborachea tempar ponzab prodex moglanchea xekatolla axil'lo. Okborache ani xikhanche sombond toxem borem axil'le. Tannem guru orzun hannem rochil'lea gronthsahib hea gronthak bhangracheo 51 mohor inam' dil'leo. Okborachea mornna uprant mogol badxah ani xikhanche sombond ibaddot gele. Dokxinnek ourongojeb moratthoyamadd zhuzat ghuspol'lo astona, ponzabant xikhamni mogol sot'teadd khub utthavo kele. Guru horgovind sing hannem moglamadd zhuz ubarun ponzabant rajki-i sotechi sthapnnuk keli. Guru govidosigom hannem aplea soineachea adaran moglancho hea prodexantolo xek unno kelo. Punn 1712t bohadur xoha hannem taka koid korun, tache hal hal korun taka jivexim marlo. Xikhamni 1748t khalsa dolachem songhtton kelem. Hea songhttonank ‘misal’ oxem mhonnttale. 1768 te 1798 meren ponzabant bara misalanchi sot'ta axil'li. Heach kallant ronnjitosing sarki vhodd vyokti ponzabank labli. Tannem xik somazant nirmann zal'le ponthbhed poisaun sogllea xikhank ekttham-i haddpache yotn kelo. Tannem aplea hatant sot'ta ghetle uprant pexaur te sotloz meren xikhanche rajy vaddoilem. Ronnjitosingachea mornna uprant, tacho cholo lhan axil'lo tachi ranni jindon hi rajkarobharachi dekhrekh kortali. Punn khori sot'ta soinikanchea hatant axil'li. Mukhar xikhamni inglix sorkaraadd khub utthavo kele. Punn he utthavo inglixamni kabar korun, 1849t xikh rajy na kelem ani tea khinna saun te bharot svotontr zaitomeren hea prodexacher brittixamni xek gazoilo.

I. So. 1913t baba sohnosingh hachea fuddaroponnakhala ponzabantogodor parttichi sthapnnuk zali. Hacho het bhartak brittixanche gulamogiritlean soddoun dexant prozast'tak rajy ghoddoun haddpacho axil'lo.1919 chea zaliynovala ghoddnnuke uprant inglix-xikh hanche modle sombond anik ibaddole. Bhartache svotontr cholloullint ponzabachoi vantto mhotvacho asa. Ponzabant khub dexobhktamni aple maibhumyekhatir aplea jivitachem ran kelem. Bhogtosing ho vhodd krantikar hangachoch. Tosoch lala lajpotorai ho ponzabacho suputr, raxttri cholloullint okhil bhartacho puddhari axil'lo. 15 egostt 1947t bhartavangoddach ponzabuy svotontr zalo. Punn reddklif yeuzonnepromann dexachi pallnni zaun ponzabache udent ani ostont oxe don vantte zale. Hatuntolo ostont ponzabacho (kxetrofoll 1‚63‚136 chovo. Kimi) pakistanant aspavo zalo ani udent ponzabacho (kxetrofoll 96‚912 chovo. Kimi.) aspavo bhartant zalo. Svotontrea uprant bhartantlea ponzabacho kaim vantto himachol prodexak zoddlo ani 1966t horeana rajy veglle kelem. Bhartantlea sodheachea ponzab rajeachem kxetrofoll 50,373 chovo. Kimi. Ani horeana rajeachem 44,222 chovo. Kimi. Itlem asa.

Bharti-i somvidhan chalik lagle uprant udent hem utor kaddun fokot ponzab hem namv dourolem. 1956 pepsu (potialla ani istt ponzab sttetts yuniyn) ho prodex ponzab rajeak zoddlo. Hem bharti-i songhrajeantolem ek ghottok rajy axil'lean raxttropotin nemil'lea rajyopalamvorovi vidhimonddollak zapsalodar axil'lem montrimoddoll hangacho rajyokarobhar choloita. Orthik sthiti

ponzabant xetki pikaull ani poxupalon hankam chodd mhotv asa. Xetoudd ho chodd lokank kam' divpi veusai asa. Rajeache vott'tt zomnintoli sumar 76% bhum-i xetouddikhala asa ani hatuntoli 80% zomin ximpnnaullikhala asa. Xetki utpadonache nodren bhartachea her rajeamporos hea rajeacho poilo ankddo lagta. Hangchi choddxi zomin kharzanchea udkan bhizoitat. Bhakra-nangol dhornnantlea kharzank lagun ponzabache ximpnnaull yeuzonnek chodd mhotv lablem. Hem dhoronn bhakr gamvat asun tem 226 mi. Unch ani 813 mi. Lamb asa. Hea dhornnasaun yeupi udok, ponzab bhumyek pikall korunk rajyosthanachi-i bhum-i bhizoita.

Ponzabant sodankall vhamvpi ani goroz poddtta ten'na ukte zaupi oxem don toranche khariz asat. Hangachea kharzanchi veustha bori asun, tanchi prosidhdi zogbhor patll'llea. Gomv. You, horbhora, till, jvari, bajri, moko, tombaku, kapus, ums hi hangachi mukhel pikam. Her rajeaporos hanga gomv soglleant chodd pikta. Dongri vattharat follfollaullichem pik borem yeta. Kaim vattharamni cheachi-i lagoudd zata. Rajeat poxupalon veusai khub mhotvacho asa. Rajeant oligodd, omritosor, bhotidda, ludhiana ani muradabad hanga dugdhoproklp chalu asta. Hangachean dor disa ek lakh littramvoir dudh ekttham-i kortat. Ponzabi gayo ani mhoxi dudall mhonnun prosidhd asat. Ponzab he mukheloponnan loghuud'deganche rajy. Ponzabantlea ud'degik mollar xikh lok khub mukhar pauleat. Lokor ani rosmachi vostram te vinnttat, lakuddokam', xostram, vadeam ani her lhan-san ud'deguy te kortat. Ponzab rajy ud'deg vikas mhamonddollachi sthapnnuk zal'li asun, hea monddllacho lhan-vhodd ud'degank adar melltta. Hanga saikoli, lhan yontram, khellachem saman. Lokriche kopdde, toxench moxin ttuls, vijechim yontram, ttrekttor, chamddoyacheo vostu ani tizuleanche karkhane asat. [3]

ponzabant vepar korpi lokanche panchoch pongodd va vorg asat. Poilea pongddant bonia, dhomsar, bohra ani mohazon hancho aspavo zata. Dusrea pongddant sud ani bhabra, tisrea pongddant khotri, khak ani bhattiya, chouthea pongddant orodd ani panchvea pongddant khoza toxench porach hea lokancho aspavo zata. Poilea pongddantolem vepari udent ani agney vattharant rautat. Dusro pongodd ut'torekoddchea dongul'leachea mullant rauta. Tisro pongodd vaivyek soddun her soglloya vattharamni dixtti poddtta. Chouthea pongddache lok dderezatt ani bohaulopur hea vattharamni rautat. Panchvo pongodd ho muslomanancho asun te lok modhy ani ostont vattharant rautat.

Omritosor, zalondor, ludhiana, novaxohor, hoxiaropur he hangache mukhel ud'degik prodex asat. Zalondor hem khellam sahiteachem vhodd kendr. Hoxiaropurak ttorpenttain, rojhin, varnix hamche ud'deg choltat. Ludhiana hem lokri lugttachem dexantolem mukhel kendr. Yeradari ani soncharonn

rajeachi bhum-i rochnnuk bori axil'lean dexachea her rajeamporos hanga roste ani relve margamni khub sudaronna zalea. Vhodd-vhodd xaram toxench lhan-san gamvgire vatthar legit relve ani rostea margamni zoddleat. Zalondorak akaxovanni kendr asa. Chondigoddhak vividh bhartichem akaxovanni kendr asa ani omritosorak 29 sopttembor 1972 disa durodrxon kendrachi sthapnnuk keli. Rajeant ‘ttribyun’ (ingroji) ‘ponzab kesri’ (hindi) hind somachar (urdu) ani ‘ojit’ (ponzabi) hi ponzabochi mukhel khobraptram. Ponzabi bhaxent 29 disallim ani sumar 192 satollim asat.[4] lok ani somazojinn

1991 vorsache zongonnone promann ponzabi loksonkhea 2,01,90,795 asa. Hanga loksonkhyechi dattai chodd asun dor chovo. Kimi. Ko 409 lok mellttat. 1,000 dadleank 888 bailo itlem promann asa. Rajeant 60.75% xikh dhormi-i, 36.93% hindu dhormi-i, 1.10% kristamv, 1% islam' ani 0.16% zoin dhormi-i asat. Her dhormache lok hanga unnea promannat asat. Rajeachem sakxorotayechem promann 56.70% asa (1991).

Xikhanche povitr ‘suvrnnomondir’ omritosorak asa. Hem xar choutho guru ramdas hannem vosoilem. Gronthsahib ho xikhancho mukhel dhormogronth asun to panchvo guru orzunodevo hannem rochla. 1874t doyanond sorsvotin hanga ary somazachi thapnnuk keli.

Hindupromann xikhamymodim kott'ttor okalimsaun somnvoyi ahluvaliam'meren sabar ponth asat. Punn gronthsahib ani guruporompora sogllea ponthank many asa. Ponzabi hindu lok xiv, devi ani vixnnu hea devank bhojtat. Hindu-xikhancheo somajik ruddhi sarkeochoxo asat. Solla somskarantolem gorbh, zolm', muz, logn ani moronn somazant vingodd vingodd toramni monoitat.

Hindu ani xikh hea donuy somazamni logn zomoupache vidhi sarkech asta. Logn thorouche poilim vhonkol-noureachem auybapuy potrantlean va raibareakoddchean lognachem thoroitat. Vhonkol manouli zalear lognam poilim tika nhoureache nodreadd dourotat. Soirea-dhairea bailank bhijil'le chonne divn tankam lognavellar podam mhonnpak amontronn ditat.

Gurvaroponnantlea somskarank ‘ritem’ oxem mhonnttat. Tisrea, panchvea, satvea va atthvea mhoineat ho somskar zata. Ten'na kullarasaun gurvar bailek novim vostram ani godd podarth bhett mhonnun ditat. Kainkodden poilem gurvaronnichi ontt bhorpachi-i porompora cholta. Bhurgem zolmak aile uprant teravea disa tachea golleant ek doro bandtat. Taka sutrosomskar mhonnttat. Tisrea va panchvea vorsa choleachi muz kortat.

Adlea kallant ponzabi hindu dadle nhestale toxench khandar valo ani matheak xelo bandtale. Punn brittix sotechea kallant hangachea bhesant bodol zalo. Ponzabantlea xaramni raupi hindu lok her bharti-i prodexantlea lokambhoxenuch bhes kortat. Tanchea gamvgirea vattharamni mat vingodd-vigondd prokaranche bhes kortat. Tancheo pogddoyo vegllea vegllea rongacheo astat. Te pizam' ani sodro vaprotat. Ponzabi bailo solvar ghaltat ani tacher dhompram'meren paupi sodro ghaltat ani matheavoilean mokhmoli va rosmi oddnni ghetat. Ghagro ho ponzabi bailancho auddicho vostroprokar. Probhavo ghala. Dadleancho ‘bhangdda’ ani bailancho ‘gidhda’ he somuhonach prosidhd asat.

Ponzabi bailo nak, kan, golleant, hatant, pamyant ani mathear oxa sogllea angar ghaltat. Pamyantole olonkar rupeache ani her bhangrache astat. Xikh dadlo ‘kex – kongva – kongon –kochh - kriponn’ him pom –chin'nam (‘ponchkokar’) vaprotat. Tanche jeunn her bharti-i lokambhaxen sadem asta. Gomvacheo bhakreo, chonne ani dall, bhaji, dud ani dudache jinos, follfollaull ani ken'naken'nai nustem ani mams asta.

Songitachea mollar hea rajeantlean svami horidas, bodde gulamolikham, omanot olikham, kundnolal soigol, mohom'mod rofi he xastri-i ani sugom' songit gaik mhonn prosidhd asat. Sinemantole prithviraz kopur ani rajkopur ani her kopur bhavo toxench her borech sinekolaunt ponzabachech asa. Chitrokolecho vikasuy boroch zal'lo asun ‘kangra chitroxoili’ hi ponzabachich. Ponzabant lolit kolamni, nach ani gain mollaruy aplo khasa doreka rituntole ponzabi sonn-porob veglleavegllea prokaroche astat. Dor ek sonnaporobekodden tea tea ritucho sombond asta. Holli ani lohddi he ponzabatolem mhotvache sonn. Ponzabantole lok her sonnoi vhodda umedin monoitat. Bhaxa ani sahity

rajeantlea choddxa lokanchi bhaxa ponzabi, hi inddo-aryon bhaxasomuhantoli ek bhas. Hi bhas ikravea xenkddoyant xourseni opbhronx he bhaxentlean udeak aili. Tika adhunik rup divpak poisachi bhaxechem yogdan asa. Ponzabi kheriz ostont hindi ani pohaddi bhaxai kaim vattharant uloitat. Ponzabachi gurumukhi hi lipi xikh gurumni tharail'li asun dhormik mollar xikh lok ticho upeg chodd promannant kortat. Tichekheriz deunagori ani farsi lipimni-i ponzabi pustokam ujvaddak aileat. Ponzabant vingodd vingodd vattharamni vingodd vigondd boli lokanchea otthancher ghollttat. Majhi hi boli omritosor, lahor ani gurudasopur hea prodexamni uloitat. Duabi hor veas ani sotloz hea donoi nhomyanchea modlea prodexant uloitat. Toxeoch molovi, pottiali,firozopuri, lohendi, potthohari heoi boli bhaso mhotvacheo asat.

Ponzab prodexantole bhaxek ponzabi hem navo hafiz borkhurodar hea kovin i. So. 1670t dilem. Tache poilim tika hidi va hindvi mhonnttole. Ponzabi sahiteachi survat ken'na zali hacher bhaxa togoneanchi khub bhasabhas zata. Punn itihasik nodren zachem ponzabi bhaxecho poilo kovi mhonn namv ghevo yeta ani zache kauy ozunuy asa, oso kovi mhollear forid xokrogonz. Ho barvea xenkddeant zolmak ayil'lo ek sofi ponthi axil'lo. Omir khusrovo (1253 – 1325) hannem tughlok xah hacher ‘var’ rochil'lo. Ponzabi sufi kovimodim forid xokrogonz (xekh forid 1173 – 1265) ani lutfoli hachi namvam mhotvachim asat. Tufloli hannem soifol moluk namvachem ek kauy rochlem. Mukhauylea sufi kovicher tacho boroch probhavo poddil'lo dixtti poddtta. Xah husen, soltan bahu hea sufi kovini-i ponzabi sahiteamot moladik bhor ghali. Ponjbant hidu bhoktokovi-i zaun gele. Tannim bhokticher sabar kovita rochleat. Hea kauyovafmoyant ram'-krixnnachi lila, vedant, voiragy, bhokti, nit ani her vixeancher vichar uktoileat.

Kahna ho ponzabi sahiteacho prosidhd bhoktokovi axil'lo. Bhoktiyuga uprant moga kaveancho kall yeta. Hea kallant manvi somvsarantlea mogak mhotv dilam ani pronnyi yugulancher sabar rochnnuk zaleat. Hea rochnnukank ‘kissa’ kauyoprokar mhonnttat. Hir-ranzha, mirzha-sahibam, sossi-pun'num, sohni-mohival oxim tanchi namvam asat. Hir-ronzha hanchea mogacher poilem kauy damodor kovin boroilem ani dusrem varisoxah kovin boroilem.

Pilu hannem mirzha-sahibam hea mogi zoddpeacher pronnoigatha boroili sotravea xenkddoyachea modlea kallasaun god'd likhannank nett ailo. Xikhanche rajy aile uprant virgatha ani dexobhkti likhannak survat zali. Orvil'loya kallant ponzabi sahiteak novi dika mell'lli. Bhai virsing (1872–1957) hachi dhormik mohakaveam, bhaugitam ani soim' kaveam hacher ostonti probhavo dista. Porrannosing ani kripasing he tache somkalin axil'le. Gurumukhosing musafir (1899–1976) ani hirasing dord (1889–1964) he don mukhel raxttrovadi kovi zaun gele.

Poilea mhozhuzachea kallant zhuzacho prochar ani ponzabi zovananche monorozon heo don gozali nodremukhar yeun ponzabi sahity nirmann zaunk laglem. Hea kallant simhsobheche cholloullik nett choddil'lean xikh mot ani xikh somskriti hancho prochar korop ani oxi bhauna nimarnnokorop ho simhsobhecho ek mukhel ud'dex axil'lo. Mukhar okali dol he somsthek lagunuy hanga vhodd sahity nirmann zalem.

Xikxonn prosar vaddlea uprant lolit vafmoyakuy nett aili. Kovita, kotha, kandob-yo, choritram oxe torechem vhodd likhann zaupak laglem. Arvil'lea kallantole mohon sing (1905-1978), koviytri omrita pritom' (1919) ani horbhozonosing (1920) he namneche kovi-koviytri. Horchonn sing (1914), sontsing sekhom' (1908), guru doyal sing khosla (1912),ixvorochondor nonda (1892-1961) he mukhel nattkokar asat. Omrita pritom' hika goneanpitth purskar favo zala (1981). Mhotvachi thollam

omritosor he hangachem vhodd xar ani xikhanchem soglleant povitr tirthosthan. Guru ramdas hannem hem xar vosoilem. Hangachea bhangra deullachea vhoddponnak ani kolatmokotai haka lagun zogprosidhd asa. Kurukxetr hem dil'li-kalka relve margauyolem ek prosidhd kxetr. Kourou-panddvanchem zhuz heach zagear zalem ani xrikrixnnan orzunak heach ronnkxetracher gita sangil'li.

Thanesor hea voixnnou kxetrant ek vhodd sorour asa. Veaskunddak 15 hozar futt unchayecher veas nhomyechea ugmachem ek kundd asa. Chonddigoddh xar gulab ani her fulank lagun prosidhd asa. Sotloz nhomyeuyoli vhodd dhornnam bhakr-namngol toxich bhotindda , zalondhor, sorhind, kortaropur him polloupasaroki xaram asat. Ochlexvor hea gamvant xivparvotichem vhodd devull asun utor bhartantoli ekuch kartikachi murt hanga asa.

Polleiat बदल

Punjab,_India

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